Felipe VI is descended from Victoria three ways and Christian IX twice. She is also a first cousin to Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden through Victoria's granddaughter Princess Margaret of Connaught. Margrethe II of Denmark is descended once each from Victoria and Christian IX. Harald V of Norway is actually descended from Christian IX three ways, twice through his father and once through his mother. The first two monarchs are descendants of the aforementioned union between Alexandra of Denmark (daughter of King Christian IX) and Edward VII (son of Queen Victoria). King Charles III of the United Kingdom, King Harald V of Norway, Queen Margrethe II of Denmark and King Felipe VI of Spain are all descended from both Queen Victoria and King Christian IX. On the contrary, nearly all European reigning kings and queens today are most closely related through their descent from Victoria, Christian or both. The unions between descendants of Queen Victoria and of King Christian IX did not end with the First World War, despite the overthrows of both the German and Russian monarchies (along with the House of Habsburg in Austria-Hungary). The family tree below shows the relationships between the monarch grandchildren of Queen Victoria and King Christian IX.įamily tree of sovereign and consort grandchildren Other first cousins of George V, whose countries were neutral during the war, were Christian X of Denmark, Victoria Eugenie of Spain (queen-consort of Alfonso XIII) and Haakon VII of Norway (who was also George's brother-in-law via his marriage to George's sister, Maud).įamily tree of sovereign and consort grandchildren Other countries who fought against Germany in addition to Russia and the United Kingdom were Romania, whose queen-consort, Marie, wife of Ferdinand I, was a cousin of the Wilhelm II, and Greece, whose queen-consort, Sophia, wife of Constantine I, was the Wilhelm II's sister. Shortly before the end of the war, Nicholas, his wife and children were executed by the Bolsheviks. The most commonly cited example is the fact that Constantine I of Greece and Nicholas II of Russia (through Christian IX), as well as Nicholas' wife, Alexandra Feodorovna, and Wilhelm II of Germany (through Victoria) were all first cousins of George V of the United Kingdom. Victoria, meanwhile, was the grandmother of an emperor, a king-emperor, four queens consort and an empress consort.ĭuring the First World War (1914–1918), many monarchs of countries from both sides were closely related due to their mutual descent from either Queen Victoria, Christian IX or both. In total, five of his grandsons were reigning sovereigns. Lastly, Victoria had two more granddaughters who became queens: Marie of Edinburgh, who married Ferdinand I of Romania, and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg who married Alfonso XIII of Spain.Ĭhristian IX was therefore the grandfather of an emperor and two kings who all married granddaughters of Victoria, one of whom ( Maud of Wales) was also a granddaughter of Christian IX. William II, German Emperor and King of Prussia was the elder brother of Sophia of Prussia and thus another reigning grandson of Victoria. Christian X of Denmark was the elder brother of Haakon VII of Norway and thus another grandson of Christian IX of Denmark. Other grandchildren became monarchs in their own right or consorts. Her son, Nicholas II of Russia, married Alix of Hesse and by Rhine, yet another granddaughter of Queen Victoria, on 26 November 1894, and she became empress-consort as Alexandra Feodorovna. Between 18, she was empress-consort of Russia. Following the untimely death of her fiancé, Dagmar married Nicholas's younger brother, the Tsarevich Alexander in 1866, taking the Russian name Maria Feodorovna. In 1865, Christian IX's second daughter, Princess Dagmar, became engaged to Tsarevich Nicholas of Russia, son and heir of Tsar Alexander II. On 27 October 1889 his son, later Constantine I of Greece, married Sophia of Prussia, a granddaughter of Victoria, forging another union between descendants of the British queen and the Danish king. The second son of Christian IX, Prince William, became King of Greece as George I shortly after his sister Alexandra's marriage due to this new connection with the British royal family. However, these two marriages were not the only unions among and between descendants of Victoria and Christian IX.
Among their six children were George V (who was also Emperor of India throughout his reign) and his sister Maud of Wales (who would later marry their cousin Haakon VII of Norway, another grandchild of Christian IX, on 22 July 1896). Victoria arranged the marriage of her eldest son and heir-apparent, the future Edward VII, to Alexandra of Denmark, the eldest daughter of Christian IX, which took place on 10 March 1863. Christian IX in 1898 with his and Victoria's great-grandson Prince Edward of York, the future King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom.
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